Topaz

     It is believed that Topaz derives its name from the Sanskrit word "tapas", which means "fire".  
     The Braganza Diamond, 1,640 carats, which was in the Portuguese crown in the 17th century, was thought to be the largest diamond ever found.  Though never confirmed, it is now believed to have been a colorless Topaz.
     Topaz occurs in a variety of colors naturally and is sometimes heat treated to change its natural color to a different color.
     It has tear-shaped cavities which contain gas bubbles or liquids.  They are also known to have cracks, streaks and veils.  Topaz has one perfect cleavage.

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